Precise Software Case Analysis

PRECISE SOFTWARE CASE ANALYSIS Problem: When and how to introduce an end-to-end new product to the market? Issues: 1. Should we (Precise) introduce a new product in Open World conference 2000? What could be the impact if we delay to offer an end-to-end solution in the performance management space? 2. What is the best selling strategy for the new product? 3. What is the best pricing strategy for the new product? 4. Should we maintain a single sale force or separate sale force dedicated to the new product? What kind of commissions and how much authority should we set up for the sales force regarding to the new product? 5.How can we deliver the value of the new product to meet our customer expectation and solve our customer problems? 6. How to grow and compete in order to be a leader in the market on a much broader level? Industry/Market Analysis: Database management software referred as performance management market where efficiency and effectiveness are really important. There are a l ot of opportunities due to the need of IT system from the companies. Nearly every company in the industrialized world spent a significant amount of money every year on software purchases ranged from $99 to $10million. The software market estimated to be $4. billion in 2003 compare with $2. 4billion in 1999. However, the market was fragmented. Products were differentiated principally in two ways. On one hand, products differed widely in terms of underlying resources and platforms with they are associated. On the other hand, available products also differed in terms of the functionality they offered. There are few major competitors in this market and the industry need high intensive labor cost. It usually takes long time to develop new product in this industry. Effective advanced technology and product, which can solve the problem for the companies, are very important to success in the industry.Time is another important key to determine whether business will success or fail. Companies in this industry should improve their technology quickly to catch up the ever-changing information technology trend as well as dig the problems of the companies to present the right problem-solve products. One of the largest segments of the market was for software to manage the performance of Oracle databases. A true end-to-end market seemed to be quite large and there was no current direct competition because none of the companies offered an end-to-end solution yet. Consumer Analysis:Database administrators (DBA) are the main targets for Precise. The former usually are well trained thus capable of recognizing the products value. Many DBA’s were authorized to purchase a product range under $25,000. Precise looked for companies had sales of at least 100million and had a business model that required database-intensive applications. DBA need to report to the CIO and need to improve the job performance in order to make performance application efficiently as well as satisfy the b usiness unit head. They are usually budget-limited when they purchase the product.IT Reliability and effectiveness are the other main factors to concern for users. Regarding to the end-to-end management tool service, business firms using enterprise-wide applications have a desired demand. They require the enterprise applications such as ERP and CRM, which were 10million and above. The applications were distributed across many locations and highly data intensive. Firms depended critically on the ability to deliver information quickly, will be the main targets for the new end-to-end product. Competitor Analysis: The three biggest competitors in the software market were Oracle, BMC Software, and Quest Software.Oracle is provides â€Å"Oracle Optimizer† as a part of its basic database package helped to execute SQL statement it received in the most efficient fashion and also offer an add-on package to help measure efficiency. BMC Software has a large range of products. Its revenue grew rapidly since 1998 and Patrol Product line, which target on performance management and availability market, provided timely and accurate data. Quest Software offered around 25 different products, with some of the functions offering products relevant to Precise. Marketing Mix Analysis: A) Product Analysis:Precise offered the software that helped its clients to manage the performance of their information technology (IT) systems. Precise is in the performance management and availability market. Its products are designed to manage the performance applications utilizing Oracle database. The company had focus on a small range of core products but provided users high quality that promised. Precise offered the software license and services. The main products were insight products, SQL and Presto. Precise/SQL accounted for 86% of all Precise’s software licensing fees.The company has strong trained account reps with very strong relationships with key clients. End-to-end response time is extremely important to ensure the system ran efficiently and effectively. All of the available products focused on the performance of each of the components of the system. The sales cycle is 6 to 12 months on average. Precise realized from the feedback of its consumers that they should provide right solutions to its clients rather than the products. However, a full-functionality end-to-end performance tool needs a long time to be developed.It’s going to take six and nine months to get a basic product with purely monitoring only. The fully functional product will accomplish in 2 years. B) Price Analysis: It has one-time license fee with annual maintains and service contracts, priced 15%-20% of the one-time licensing fee. Average price of Precise /SQL had been between $15,000 and $25,000. Precise often offered discounts around 25% which allowed sales force to sell the product easier as well as DBAs can make their decision easily to purchase without approve by the CIO. I n addition, price can be varied greatly depending on the customers and other factors.They charged more for higher-powered computing environments, which means the price is based on the value that the customers receive from the performance management. C) Distribution Analysis: There are three common channels for distributing commercial software applications such as direct sales, value-added resellers (VCRs), and systems integrators. VCRs and systems integrators earned a margin of about 30-35% on the software sales. And original equipment manufacture (OEM) agreement is popular in smaller niche areas. Precise sells its products through a duel-channel distribution system.Internationally, the company sells through both VARs and system integrators in most countries. 17 account executives are hired to do direct sell and also sell through distributors in most countries, and each is paid a salary of $75,000 and a 5%-9% rate high commission. The average sale of each rep is $800,000 annually an d earned $300,000 for the highest. Therefore, the operating expenses are extremely high (sales and marketing is 35% of the total operating expense) and made the operating loss since 1996. About 55% of its revenue comes from the direct channel and 45% come from the resellers.Precise had a client list of about 400 companies and each sale rep was well trained to sell the products. D) Promotion/ Advertising Analysis: Reps in Precise are the main factor in selling the products. Precise purchase industry lists with the names and phone numbers of key contacts in the target firms and give it to reps. Reps can call the main clients and meet them and try to keep a good relationship with the people who make decisions. Reps are high motivated and professional to sell the products because of related training and high commission strategy.They have an effective sales tool that reps can offer to put the product on the potential buyer client’s system to demonstrate what the product would do. In addition, Precise conducted a survey of ten Precise/SQL clients drawn from a range of different business to find main benefits of their products and able to generate an expected ROI for the purchase. Options: A) To launch a new product in 2000 ROI Analysis Pros: – To be the first one get into the end-to-end market and to be able to announce the new product in the conference with many motivated and qualified prospects gathered in the room at one time. Precise will become a much broader level brand. – Gain more revenue at the beginning with no competition so far in the market. Cons: – New products will attract competitors to get in the market. – There is not enough time for reps to be trained properly to sell the products. – If the new product cannot satisfy the clients, it will destroy the brand image as well as make competitors catch up and run over the Precise. – The new product can only be â€Å"generally available† at this time. There will be much more problem and risks.B) To launch after fully-functional Pros: – Have much more possibility to satisfy customers with fully functional product in term of effectively and efficiency – Its reps will be fully trained to get ready to contribute in selling the new products – If consumers satisfied with the products, Precise will be a leader in the market and increase its profits in the long-term. Cons: – Competitors may launch a similar new product in this market before Precise. – A small range of the products may slow down Precise to be a real broader level brand

Importance of consumer centric approach marketing Essay

           A consumer centric approach is a method in marketing that focuses on the needs and wants of an individual consumer (Kaufmann & Mohammed 302). The approach does not deal with customers like the mass market. It makes constant interaction with the customers. This is done so as to get information that makes a business understand what are customers’ expectations, perceptions and desires. By acquiring all the necessary information the business is able to design new and best strategies to increase its loyalty in the services and products. The businesses also use this approach to increase the customer’s satisfaction. The customer centric is like focusing on what the customers’ value in life. After finding that value is when the business can dedicate its efforts on a particular high value customer segment. Internal and external factors associated with consumer-centric             According to Jham & Puri (3) there are internal and external factors that affect the consumer- centric method from identifying the customers’ behavior. They make it difficult for a business and its consumer to have an interaction. The external factors are the environmental influences and the internal factors are the individual differences. The external factors such as social class, personal influence, attitudes and family: complicate the consumer’s decisions (Jham & Puri 3). The internal factors include; motivation knowledge, personality, attitudes, lifestyle, consumers’ resources and values. They also affect the consumer’s decisions. The consumer resource as part of internal factors; reflects on time and money. It is difficult to establish an interaction with the consumer if he or she is not financially stable. The most crucial factor is behavior. Most of the customer’s can buy the product out of convenience not because they bel ieve in the brand. Why do we need to focus on consumers?            The customers are very important in a business. They are the ones who determine the success of any organization. When an organization focus on consumer satisfaction; it becomes easy to find some metric that it can use to improve its business. However, it also becomes easy to manage the selling of the products and services. Concentrating on consumers has advantages to the business. It helps the business identify the consumer’s loyalty (Beard 1). The consumers’ acts like advocates in a business. They can help the business grow. A satisfied customer is able to share with others the goodness of the product or a service. This help increase the rate of consumers in a certain business. They are like small marketers or â€Å"evangelists.† Unhappy customer results to a risk of losing many consumers in the business. This is because of the negative word of mouth.               Concentrating on consumer help bring differentiation (Beard 1). A market is a competitive place that every business fights to get more customers. In order to succeed in this kind of environment one need to focus customer satisfaction. The customer can only choose to associate with the business that satisfies them. They find that kind of businesses unique and different from others. Customer satisfaction reduces Churning. Poor services make customers want to experience products from the competitors. A certified customer does not find it necessary to experience the quality of other products. In a business, it is very expensive and difficult to acquire new customers. The organization may spend resources on marketing and adverts so as to acquire more customers. The best option to avoid these circumstances is by retaining customers through satisfaction. It is the only way for a business to succeed. Consumer-centric in companies          Customer centric marketing is used by many companies in the world today. The companies that use this approach become knowledgeable on ways to enhance their products and services. However, the consumer-centric companies have more qualities compared to others. They are accessible. The customers find it easy to connect with them. They are responsive. They are able to reach out to their customers by different channels and respond to their suggestions and needs. Customer centric marketing (CRM) has been upgraded into eCRM in many companies (Kaufmann & Mohammed 302). The advances in the technology have changed the way consumers such for information of the products they need. The old CRM did not satisfy the needs of all consumers.             With the help of the new technology both eCRM with traditional CRM are now used by companies to enhance consumer quality service standards. The eCRM is a new tool being used by many companies to enhance their marketing skills. This is because it allows transferring of information across channels through the data driven tools. The companies that use eCRM are able to increase consumer satisfaction, their services and loyalty. However, some of them have increased online sell through this new technology. Customer centric companies have large market share compared to others. This is because they are able to reach out the market through â€Å"customer satisfaction.† This is very important thing. Other companies that do not have CRM have small market share. The business can only have a large market share by being the heart of the consumers. Concept of relationship marketing in consumer-centric approach            Relationship marketing is a concept in the business related to Consumer-centric marketing. Its main agenda is to achieve the consumer’s loyalty. The approach makes sure the businesses have interaction and long term engagement with the consumers (Learning business 1). The approach allows open communication with customers and gives them information suited for their needs. It makes the business develop an emotional connection or relationship with the customer. This approach is same as the consumer-centric. It deals with loyalty and developing a good interaction with the consumers. It has the same agenda of satisfying consumers. The methods used in relationship marketing apply in CRM. They use methods such as; marketing campaigns. This can be used by the CRM to promote organizations, the products, special offers and the brand.             Methods such as competitive prices, excellent customer services and quality products are essential in providing a good relationship with the customers (Learning marketing 1). They lead to best buyer- consumer relationship. They are the best methods of retaining customers in a business. However, the relationship marketing monitoring methods used to ensure customer satisfaction are appropriate for CRM. Personal interview by use of questionnaires or phone calls is best to find out consumers view regarding products and services. The mystery shoppers can also be applied. They include suggestion boxes, online surveys. Customer complaints and customers’ general comments are also important. They help business know where they stand in the market. The CRM help the business to come up with the best market segmentation. It is because they can know the needs of each individual in a certain area. The fit of marketing offering in consumer-centric approach             Marketing offering is appropriate when using the consumer- centric approach. It is because it deals with additional values to the customers (Hunt 1). In order to deliver values such as availability, technical support, convenient delivery or quality service; CRM is the right approach. It deals with maintaining a good relationship with the consumers. Adding the values to CRM helps the consumers be more loyal and trust the products or services. The offering marketing fits in the CRM because before it is carried out. The business needs to understand customers’ important factors. They help understand if the products are supportive or convenient. The convenience acts like a differentiator between the values offered to that of the competitors. The offerings are determinants whether the customer can buy from a certain company or not. They also involve the customer service similar to the CRM. If a business responds to the request of customers immediately; it gives t hem confidence. Conclusion               Customer- centric is a good approach for business. It enable establish a good relationship between the business and consumers. However, it responds to customers request which a very important aspect. Customer satisfaction is a very important thing. Consumers determine the growth of the business. They are advocates. A business that practices consumer satisfaction has a competitive differentiation. However they do not experience churning since their services and products are convincing than others. CRM is related to the relationship market. All this approaches are interested in customers’ loyalty. They are approaches that help the business acquire a large market share. Customers’ are always attracted with satisfaction than any other thing in the product or service. Reference Beard, R. Why customer satisfaction is very important (6 reasons). (2014). Retrieved on 27th February 2015. < http://blog.clientheartbeat.com/why-customer-satisfaction-is-important/> Hunt, Shelby D.  Marketing Theory: Foundations, Controversy, Strategy, Resource-Advantage Theory. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 2010. Print. Jham, Vimi, and Sandeep Puri.  Cases on Consumer-Centric Marketing Management. Hershey, PA: Business Science Reference, 2014. Internet resource.Kaufmann, Hans R, and Mohammad F. A. K. Panni.  Customer-centric Marketing Strategies: Tools for Building Organizational Performance. Hershey, PA: Business Science Reference, 2013. Print. Learning marketing. (2014). Relationship marketing. Retrieved on 27th February 2015.< http://www.learnmarketing.net/relationshipmarketing.htm> Source document

Can Money Buy Happiness

In our society, people often put great emphasis on materials and possessions. Many believe that having more money would make them happier in life; but does money really provide true happiness? Having the money to provide food, clothing, and shelter is essential for everyone’s well-being and happiness, but after those basic needs are fulfilled more money just offers materials not necessarily happiness. There are many ways I think money does buy happiness. Money increases quality of life which in turn buys happiness. This is only true if one lives within his means, lives a modest life style and pursues happiness the right way. I think most people believe happiness is bought in a store. People overestimate how much pleasure they’ll get when they buy something luxurious. We really don’t need all these extravagant luxuries around us. Are they necessities to life? Are they just things to show your vanity? Or are they just trying to keep up with the Jones’s? In today's materialistic world, the phrase that ‘money can't buy happiness' is tending to be proved hence otherwise. Social research and surveys have shown results based on an individuals income, health and the political scenario which is dominant in his or her region. It is quite obvious that the gap between the privileged and the not so is growing into a great divide giving rise to different class and status, thus defining ones social circle. It should therefore be understood how an individual’s economic status affects their personal happiness throughout all aspects of life. Many tend to refer to this age-old quote especially when they tend to belong to sector of people who can't afford the modern day luxuries of life. What they do not realize is that money, might in fact do just that, buy happiness. On the other hand, those who have pockets as heavy as themselves think that money Is nothing but a burden and a complication in life, which is too networked to figure out. First of all, a comfortable life can be brought if we are rich. Nowadays, it is not uncommon to see people complain about their low standard of living. The low educated groups always have to worry about their living. They may worry about losing their jobs as they always work as low skilled workers. Their jobs are not stable at all. They may not be able to cope with their daily lives, let alone being happy. Under such circumstances, money can buy happiness. If they have got more money, they no longer have to worry all the time. The idea of money buying happiness is interesting. Yes, most people feel they do need more money to be happy, but what is that â€Å"happiness† they are speaking of? If that idea means owning newer appliances than before, then money can buy you happiness. If that idea is going out to eat dinner more often, then money can buy you happiness. But, if happiness is truly living one's life to the fullest, then money cannot buy happiness. People know that this idea of happiness is materialistic and shallow, and they are quick to point it out in others, but cannot see it in themselves. Money cannot buy happiness, unless happiness is measured by possessions. Happiness from money is very short lived. While the happiness of people who receive large sums of money might rise immediately after they receive that money, that happiness declines to only slightly above or equal to their level of happiness before the money came to them. Different people have different beliefs of what happiness really is. However, money is often the bane of happiness, as is evidenced that affluent societies are often considerably more unhappy than poorer (not necessarily poverty stricken) countries. This is a sign that too little, or too much money is not a good thing. A balance needs to be struck between earning money and more fulfilling activities. This is because happiness is not a state to be ‘achieved’ but a virtue, and all happiness is relative. Happiness is a virtue. Happiness cannot be ‘achieved’ or ‘attained’ through earning money. Money can be seen as the opposite of happiness. The rich often wield power, due to their wealth, which in turn corrupts their morals.

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 9

Business Ethics - Essay Example A wrong action results in unhappiness in any or all affected by the case including the decision maker. Utilitarianism will give the argument that an unethical action will result in the pain or unhappiness to the decision maker or other parties involved in the action while a right action is aimed at ensuring all are happy and no one is pained by the decision. The strengths of utilitarianism include being simple and straightforward in decision-making through analyzing if any decision will result in unhappiness and pain and concluding that the action is unethical. Utilitarianism has ethical principles that are easily applicable in the society. Deontology: the decision on the ethicality of an action is based on the moral rules that guide certain actions in the society. Deontology considers a right action as one that follows the moral rules, and subjectivity is not allowed by the decision maker (Boylan, 2014). A wrong is one that goes against moral values and each person in the society consider the action morally wrong. Deontologists would give the argument that right motivations behind a certain action is moral and the decision maker should not consider the consequences of their action but the moral rules guiding the behavior on certain actions to determine their rightness or wrongness. Deontology’s strengths include considerations on friends, family, moral standing in the society, relatives, and all affected by the case. The other strength is that deontology allow better performance o one’s duties and accordance to moral obligation in the society. Ethical Intuitionism: this theory based on the use of intuition and intuitive awareness to realize moral beliefs that a person has to use these moral beliefs as a guide on wrongness and rightness of a course of action. Ethical intuitionists would argue that a choice must be based on the moral beliefs of a person on the rightness of the action. The strengths of ethical intuitionism include

Social Phenomena Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Social Phenomena - Essay Example Each of these views relies upon more or less legitimate arguments and evidence, but neither of them is flawless. Functionalist perspective still remains arguably the most influential tool for understanding the phenomenon of deviant behavior. Since the term 'deviant behavior' is rather broad, only two types of social deviance will be closely analyzed within this project: crime and suicide. Functionalist explanation of the causes and social outcomes of these types can lead us to understanding of functionalist perspective on deviant behavior in general. Emile Durkheim, the famous French sociologist of the 19th - 20th century, was probably the first scholar to adopt the logic of the functional approach studying the phenomenon of deviant behavior. Thus, Durkheim claimed, "When . . . the explanation of a social phenomenon is undertaken, we must seek separately the efficient cause which produces it and the function it fulfills. We must determine whether there is a correspondence between the fact under consideration and the general needs of the social organism, and in what this correspondence consists" (Durkheim, 1930 in Coser, 1977: 143). Ut Utilizing these principles Durkheim focused on the way a society stimulates individuals demonstrate deviant behavior than on individual characteristics of those whom demonstrate such behavior, though majority of sociologists of those days viewed crime, suicide, and other forms of social deviance as an outcome of inborn psychological characteristics of the individual. Durkheim considered such approach flawed. Instead, the scholar argued that deviance in general and crime in particular was by no means abnormal or dangerous for the society: "Crime is normal, an inevitable and necessary part of every society [although] it may take abnormal forms, such as when the crime rate is unusually high (Durkheim, 1961: 872). Durkheim's views on another form of deviance - suicide - were absolutely the same. "La Suicide" was the third major work of Emile Durkheim. This book was the first sociological research that established the traceable empiric connection between the phenomenon of individual suicide and social environment, and defined certain social functions of suicide. In the end of the 19th century suicide or self-destruction was considered a form of deviant behaviour that occurred in insane individuals. Durkheim challenged this traditional standpoint that suicide was an unpreventable pathology. Instead, he provided " a sociological explanation for a phenomenon traditionally regarded as exclusively psychological and individualistic" (Thompson, 1982: 109). In fact, Durkheim formulated the founding principles of functionalist perspective on deviance precisely in his study of suicide. Even today, despite abundance of recent studies, Durkheim's work remains the most significant sociological analysis of s uicide in modern societies. Suicide is a complex phenomenon that can be caused by numerous factors. Many reasons both individual and social have been demonstrated to have certain correlation with self-destructive

Differentiation and Learning Styles Dissertation

Differentiation and Learning Styles - Dissertation Example Learners exhibit differences in their potentials that educators should focus on and to which new educators should be introduced. This is because some teachers find it challenging to deal with the differences. Many bases also exist for the differences. Some students are more brilliant than others are and some have more challenges in the learning process. Social backgrounds and language differences also form bases for differences. While identifying differences may be easy when dealing with small groups of students, large groups offer challenge but teachers can often organize students into smaller groups to facilitate personalized teacher-learner interaction and understanding of individual students (Wu 2013, 125- 133). The need for teacher training on differentiation also emerges from contradictions that result from differentiation attempts. Results from an empirical study show that policies, number of students, duration of lessons, inappropriate differentiation, and students’ di fferentiation initiatives without teachers’ attentions are significant factors to differentiation outcomes and teachers’ training on the factors is important (Rontou 2012, p. 146, 147). In addition to training educators, the educators’ approach to managing their classes has significant effects on differentiation and associated effects. An understanding of students’ background and their potentials and using this to motivate and empower students has demonstrated effectiveness in influencing learning processes.

E-commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

E-commerce - Essay Example The emergence has been facilitated by the evolution of internet, communication infrastructures and computer systems. The increase in internet content like text messaging and multimedia and support services such as online catalogues, security systems and payment settlement systems have also supported the growth in e-commerce (Pankaj, 2005). Many global organizations have adopted e-commerce in order to increase their market share, create new online subsidiaries, attain a competitive edge in the market, reduce the entry barriers in the global market and reduce the costs of doing business. E-commerce has evolved from the transaction level business to a relationship based business that is characterized by two way communications with full integration of internet capabilities in to the business (Pankaj, 2005). E-commerce offers several benefits to business organizations, customer sand suppliers. For instance, e-commerce will reduce the costs of creating, processing, distributing and storing good and services (Pankaj, 2005). Business organizations can reduce business overheads involved in selling over the supply chain and the time spent between the outlay of capital and the time the goods and services are received. E-commerce will create a competitive edge for business organizations and enhance the business reputation through improved, new found business opportunities, increased flexibility, enhanced customer service and reduced supply chain time (Laudon & Traver, 2010). The customers will benefit from increased convenience in shopping since they can access goods and services 24 hours a day at the comfort of their location (Pankaj, 2005). Customers can easily access the recent product information within a short period of time and access a wide variety of commodities. E-commerce had facilitated competition, which has led to new innovative products and discounts to the customers. Customers

How are Clausewitzian concepts (if any) illuminated by Napoleon's Essay

How are Clausewitzian concepts (if any) illuminated by Napoleon's experience - Essay Example Instead, he used his military victories over neighbouring countries to instill in them new institutions and codes of law. He introduced new forms of education and ways of doing politics. The introduction of various civil codes throughout Europe were perhaps his greatest achievement (McLynn, 255). He himself believed his Civil Code would long outlast any of his military glories (Wanniski, 184). But they could not have been introduced without the wars that preceded them. Napoleon was a genius when it came to warfare and operations, but he had a larger vision too (Archer, 380). Napoleon had a vision for Europe and for France. He felt that certain principles should be at the forefront of the Continental way of life. He was clearly an operational genius with respect to military affairs, but he also embodied, more than anyone, the Clausewitzian maxim that war is politics by other means. Work consulted Archer, Christon I.; John R. Ferris, Holger H. Herwig. World History of Warfare. Universi ty of Nebraska Press, 2002. McLynn, Frank. Napoleon. Pimlico, 1998. Wanniski, Jude. The Way the World Works. Regnery Gateway, 1998.

Terrorists and internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Terrorists and internet - Essay Example By creating web pages or blogs on internet and fan pages on social networking websites, they can promote their hateful notions. This creates a negative impact on the young minds as they may be lured towards their ideology .Secondly internet is a huge source of information with most of it easily available and accessible. This information includes maps of important locations like airports, and secret government documents that can be hacked from a government website. This information can then be used to plan out an attack on important sites to destabilize the country. Furthermore, internet connects the members of the terrorist organizations around the world; hence terrorists use it as a medium of planning and coordination. With the encrypted messaging system and the multitude of internet users, it is extremely hard to spot their activity and internet therefore becomes the safest means of communication for them (Weimann, 2005). The use of internet by terrorists has increased so much that it poses a threat to security of people and the country. Even though it is the right of people to have privacy in their communication, they should be cooperative and support the government in their actions of monitoring the cyber space because ultimately it is for the greater good of the society (Ingram, 2001) Works Cited Ingram, M. (2001, September 24). Internet privacy threatened following terrorist attacks on US.

Problem identification Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Problem identification - Case Study Example is the lack of access to cost effective health care, particularly to the uninsured and the underinsured (Greenwald, 2010). Access to quality and cost-effective health care is a key challenge, which is often faced by the health care system. This is mainly because, more often than not, the health care centers and services are highly expensive and time consuming. This in turn, leads to a series of problems, such as lack of availability of prompt medical assistance, thus putting the patients at a higher health risk. Furthermore, it has also been observed that seeking self-referrals for acute illnesses is a tedious task, thus further limiting and / or restricting the access to basic / primary health care. Most of the professional health care practitioners in the U.S., often seek a referrals from physicians, rather than acknowledging self-referrals. Such a practice delays the treatment to critical diseases and postpones the availability of prompt and urgent medical assistance (Hammaker, Tomlinson, 2010). The above mentioned hassles may not be bothersome to the economically well off individuals, or those who a re aptly covered by a health care insurance, however in case of an average citizen or a commoner, i.e. those who are uninsured and / or underinsured, such setbacks play a huge role in influencing their decision and restricting their access to cheaper, better and effective health care. According to statistics approximately 50.7 million people in the U.S. are currently uninsured, which is estimated to be at a record high and reflects the magnitude of health crisis that has befallen the average American citizen in present times (msnbc, 2010). The percentage of those who are under-insured too has risen over the years. According to available statistics, there has been a whopping 60 per cent rise in the number of people who are under-insured in less than four years, and is

Website for a Specified Organisation Essay Example for Free

Website for a Specified Organisation Essay Business Objectives Websites are used in many different businesses nowadays, yet they aren’t exactly needed in some. They will benefit a business if they are put in place in order to achieve their aims, which generally is to make a profit. The ways in which they can achieve their aims is done by ensuring that the business analyse how exactly they will achieve their aims on a whole and identify the certain objectives that they have in order to be a successful business. The business that I am going to study is Kells Lane Fish Bar, which is located on Low Fell in Gateshead. The business has been up and running for 21 years now and was put there in order to offer a traditional fish shop menu to anyone who entered the shop. The business offers to sell products to many customers, in which this means they will respond to the demand of the customers and therefore are part of a business to consumer relationship. At this current time the fish shop doesn’t actually have a website for their business however there are plenty of ways on the internet to which you can find the number for the shop. I feel that it would be very beneficial to the business if they were to open up a website as it allows for a lot more customers to see the existence of the business and as well as this I feel that if they were able to put on an ordering service for example then the shop would be flowing a lot easier and would perhaps again lead to more customer attention. -Explain business objectives -Describe smart objectives (GET THEM LATER ON, OFF OTHER DOCUMENT) There are a few key objectives for the fish shop, the first being survival, since the business has been running for 21 years it has seen many different economic reactions by the UK, for example being in a recession and a boom. The business will have been through bad and good times over the years but as more and more fish shops begin to run it means that Kells Lane fish bar will have to then offer a few more products or do something different to other fish shops in order to attract the customers. I Feel by having a website it would help assist the business in order for it to survive and keep running, the reason I believe this is because if the business had a website then it would mean that more people would know about the business, therefore attracting a lot more customers. In addition to this I feel that with an online service in which the customer could place their order it would then make the process of collecting the food a lot quicker, the reason for this being that instead of having to wait in a queue for your food you could order online and then be ready to go and pick up your food whenever its ready. Profit maximisation is yet another objective that I feel is used efficiently at the business, I feel that the fish shop needs to sacrifice some of their short term profits in order to gain a long term profit. Therefore when the business buys batches of stock to sell to the customers, they should do this all at once so that they don’t need to keep getting stock delivered to them which will save the many delivery charges they would get. I feel that this is a perfect reason to open up a website as although it may be expensive to set up in the short term, the impact it will have when people place orders etc. on the site will give the business a massive long term profit, which is a great way to show profit maximisation.

Summarize the Positive and Negative Aspects of Offshoring Essay Example for Free

Summarize the Positive and Negative Aspects of Offshoring Essay Offspring means is moving the production to other countries. Currently this is happening in most of the countries where they find other countries are cheaper to produce their products. Weighing advantages and disadvantages of off shoring is always debate. I want to summarize the advantages and disadvantages off shoring in point of view and then I will put my strategy on this. Advantages Off shoring helps in reduce the total costs of a product by getting cheaper labor and core stuff for the product. This way company can focus on its administration operations like sales and marketing. It definitely reduces overhead costs like resource management. Many companies hire to do non technical recourses to do their work. This is the main reason that India has set up so many call centers to help their customers for USA companies. Off shoring helps companies when their operations come operationally uncontrollable. IT can increase the company efficiency and productivity so that it can be successful and better for marketing of its products in highly competitive market. Off shoring also makes an organization free from investments in technology, infrastructure to reduce the capital expenditure. It gives the business flexibility to increase the new skills that can be used as competitive advantage. Disadvantages Off shoring does not suit for all companies and if company does estimate its necessity, the company would unsuccessful. One of the risks it has is losing sensitive data and the loss of confidentiality. Off shoring may lose management control of business and it may no longer be able to control operations and deliverables. In Off shoring, if that foreign country does not have proper product processes, the quality may be bad and it might affect the company business in market. Source Company will lose jobs as it does not require many numbers of resources as they hire in other countries. It will lead to local unemployment and political pressure. We recently have seen lots of places these kinds of issues where local people fight for their jobs and demand for cutting offshore processes. In some firms, there are so many legal issues in off shoring process and there are so many hidden costs that may lead to company loss in long run. There is another issue about communication when off shoring relationship is with completely different culture nations. Support of off shoring Off shoring can be acknowledged that its success comes with some pain, though it may have job cuts but, organizations that take a planned approach to off shoring succeed in managing this situation. The greatest advantage of off shoring is the cost advantage, which affects the companys success. Any savings in operating costs will help toward the companys financial status and growth. Companies in recession may sustain themselves and grow through innovation. By lowering its operating costs they will have more money to invest in innovation and technology which results in a domestic workforce. Success Story of off shoring The best example of a company that has cost savings by off shoring to India is General Electric (GE). After off shoring its business process operations to India, it found a reduction of 25% percent on its labor cost. This decision made them to gain 150% in the earnings. There is a big difference in the labor costs in US/Europe and India in the IT industry as well. A software professional with 1-2 years of experience in the US and Europe charges USD 60,000 to 80,000 per year. On the other hand, a professional with same experience level costs about USD 10,000 per year in India, about 11 to 16 percent of that in the US and Europe.

Recruitment Strategy at HiTec International

Recruitment Strategy at HiTec International Introduction: Problems: Advice: Step 1Provide a Positive Working Environment Step 2Recognize, Reward and Reinforce the Right Behavior Step 3Involve And Engage Step 4Develop Skills and Potential Step 5Evaluate and Measure   Introduction: HiTec International is the company which is emerging organization. It has annual turnover of more than $19billion in current and employs more than 30,000 people across the world. The headquarter of HiTec which is located in West Dublin employs 2500 people in which 90% are permanent employees and remaining are on contract basis. HiTec have some expertise in procurement of hardware and bespoke programming solutions for corporate customers to aid them in boosting the utilization of the web. HiTec likewise give a complete after sales services which go beyond maintenance of software. The organization is perceived as worldwide business sector pioneers in a few of its central line of business. Because of the focused market that HiTec works in development and persistently advancing engineering improvements through innovative work division is vital to the organizations future achievement. HiTec offers workers brilliant terms and states of livelihood with top-pay rates, liberal extra plans, rebates, benefits, and wellbeing and life coverage. The earth in which they work is extremely alluring with superb offices, for example, staff cafeterias, wellness offices and valet administrations. Staff retention is great; turnover levels are at present at 5% of which half are represented by dismissals and non-renewal of fixed term contracts. Problems: HiTec are encountering some troublesomely with discovering sufficient number of workers with the obliged aptitudes to reach its development needs. Because of the quick moving nature of the industry which makes it difficult to usefully employ graduates with limited experience and train them. With the time, they learned a lot of skills and then moved on to another organization to learn more skills. HiTec likes the people which are employed in companies to who with HiTec has a customer relationship and in partner companies but HiTec has a long standing policy to not recruit from these sources. However, HiTec is recruiting people through advertisement in national newspapers and with the use of headhunters but this also not succeeded because through national newspapers the people who are properly qualified are few and head hunters are also not succeeded due to target labor market is so small. Advice: HiTec should explore the fundamental reasons of people leaving the jobs. HiTec should distinguish new methods and strategies, for example, making a developing leaders program, giving preparing to directors, and enhancing their representative distinguished program. As a result, they will draw in better ability and all the more significantly will have the capacity to hold best individuals. And the HR Department will be more satisfied in light of the fact that they wont spend all their time conducting training. HiTech can improve their ability to attract, retain and improve productivity by applying the following five-step PRIDE process: P Provide a Positive Working Environment R Recognize, Reward and Reinforce the Right Behavior I Involve and Engage D Develop Skills and Potential E Evaluate and Measure Step 1Provide a Positive Working Environment HiTec should provide a positive working environment to its employees to retain them for a longer period. Employees quits the jobs for many reasons but one reason for quitting them is the relationship with their first line-supervisor because the fact is that managers and supervisors are totally unaware with their actions that can affect employees. Manager training is a critical aspect for an effective retention strategy. Suitably trained managers play a key part in an effectual recruitment and retention policy. Managers need the skills, tools, and knowledge to help them understand their employees retention needs and be able to implement a retention plan designed to increase employee engagement in the organization. Step 2Recognize, Reward and Reinforce the Right Behavior Cash and profits may draw in individuals to the front entryway; however something else needs to keep them from going out the back. Individuals have a fundamental human need to feel acknowledged and pleased with their work. Recognition and motivation projects help address that need. A fruitful prize and recognition program does not need to be confused or lavish to be compelling. Hitec ought to offer prize to its workers. In a few organizations CEO frequently give their extravagant auto keys to their workers for a week or for an outing. This inventive approach to remunerate workers has a greater effect than money. In the event that you gave someone a $200 reward, it wouldnt mean all that much. When somebody gets to drive an auto for a week, they always remember it. For Example, At First American, administrators exhibit a Greased Monkey Award to the machine specialist who is best in determining issues with machine programs. The recompense is a plastic toy monkey in a container of Vaseline alongside a $50 supper testament. A supplies wholesaler remunerates each workers work celebration with a cake and a check for $200 for every year utilized. Twice a year workers kids get a $50 reserve funds security when they accumulate their everything As report card. Whats more, they compensate workers with a Security Bonus Program. They screen each representatives driving record twice a year, and any individual who has a reference is expelled from attention. Those representatives staying toward the end of the year separate $2,000. On Fridays, all representatives pivot employments for one hour. This fabricates a stronger group, solidarity, and enhances correspondence inside the organization. Step 3Involve And Engage The directors of Hitec ought to be included and captivate with the workers. Individuals are more dedicated and captivated when they can help their thoughts and proposals. This provides for them a feeling of proprietorship. Hitec ought to have a capacity to make and produce new and creative items. Keeping in mind the end goal to encourage the trade of thoughts inside offices, they ought to support a yearly Idea Exposition. Amid the article, researchers and designers showcase ventures and thoughts they are chipping away at. This procedure makes a solid atmosphere of development and captivates each one of the individuals who take an interest. Organization should have a unique way of making its employees feel valued and involved. One wall within the company contains the photographs of all employees who have worked there more than five years. Their equality program goes beyond the typical slogans, posters, and HR policies. There should no reserved parking spaces or other perks just for executives everyone is an equal. This is one reason why companies can be best employer company. Step 4Develop Skills and Potential For the vast majority, vocation opportunities are generally as vital as the cash they make. In a study by Linkage, Inc. more than 40 percent of the respondents said they would consider leaving their present boss for an alternate occupation with the same profits if that employment gave better vocation improvement and more prominent difficulties. So Hitec ought to create abilities and possibilities for their staff to hold them/ Hitec ought to find that why they were losing gifted individuals to different organizations and they ought to lead passageway reviews to discover what number of representatives who left to take new occupations and vocations outside the organization and can accompany the same employments and professions inside Hitec. As an issue they ought to make with an intranet-based improvement and profession guiding project for all representatives. This will bring about over of workers who left the organization and representatives will exploited the project and perspective inside employment opportunities. Not just does the system give new openings for work, however Career Connections offers an assemblage of profession improvement instruments, for example, assessments toward oneself, apparatuses to create continues, and articles on different occupation looking for techniques inside the organization. Gifted individuals wont stay in a vocation in the event that they see no future in their position. To wipe out the inclination of being in a deadlock work, each position ought to have an individual advancement plan. Step 5Evaluate and Measure Nonstop assessment and endless change is the last venture of the PRIDE framework. The main role of assessment is to measure advance and figure out what fulfills and de-fulfills your workforce. The assessment procedure incorporates the estimation of demeanor, confidence, turnover, and the engagement level of the workforce. Here is an agenda of things that ought to be incorporated in Hitecs assessment and estimation process. Carry out an employee satisfaction survey at least once a year. Improve your contracting methodology to make a finer match between the singulars abilities and employment prerequisites. Examine those divisions that have the most elevated turnover rates. Hold chiefs in charge of maintenance in their area Initiate interviews and surveys concerning the real reasons people come to and leave your organization. Provide flexible work arrangements for working parents and older workers. Start measuring the cost of turnover. Focus on the key jobs that have the greatest impact on profitability and productivity. Design an effective employee orientation program.

Chemical Warfare :: essays research papers

Chemical warfare What is Chemical Warfare: To understand chemical warfare you must first understand what a chemical agent is. A United Nations report from 1969 defines chemical warfare agents as " ... chemical substances, whether gaseous, liquid or solid, which might be employed because of their direct toxic effects on man, animals and plants ... ". This means basically that any chemical that is used to directly effect and harm a person, plant, or animal would be an act of chemical warfare. Some commonly confused Chemical Agents: Agents such as napalm and phosphorus are not considered to be Chemical agents since they achieve their effect mainly through thermal energy. Certain types of smoke screen may be poisonous in extremely high concentrations but smoke ammunition is not classified as a chemical weapon since the poisonous effect is not the main reason for their use. Another common misconception is that biological agents such as viruses or microorganisms (small pox etc.) are considered a chemical agent, but this is not the case. Effects of chemical agents and biological agents may be similar but they different in production. Chemical agents are created and biological agents are found naturally in nature or cultured for use. Different types of Chemical agents: Nerve Agents: Source: A FOA Briefing Book on Chemical Weapons Nerve agents acquired their name because they affect the transmission of nerve impulses in the nervous system. They are stable, easily spread, highly toxic and have rapid effects when absorbed through the skin and respiratory track. Nerve agents can be manufactured by means of fairly simple chemical techniques. The materials are inexpensive and generally readily available. It was not until the early 1930's that German chemists discovered the effects of certain phosphorus compounds to be toxic. Two years later a phosphorus compound with extremely high toxicity was produced for the first time. This phosphorus compound, given the name tabun, was one the first substances later referred to as nerve agents. Physical and chemical properties The most important nerve agents included in modern arsenals are: „h Tabun, O-ethyl dimethylamidophosphorylcyanide, This nerve agent is the easiest to manufacture. Therefore, it is more likely that developing countries start their arsenal with this nerve agent „h Sarin, isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate, a toxic substance mainly afflicting the respiratory system. „h Soman, pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate, a moderately toxic substance which can be taken up by inhalation or skin contact. „h Cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate, a gas or Liquid substance with low volatility which is taken up through skin contact and inhalation of the substance

Health Professions :: College Admissions Essays

Health Professions At age ten, I left everything behind in China to start a new life with my parents in United States. It was not long before I realized that I was, in many ways, different from all the other kids in school. Gradually, I became less confident and more isolated. One day in the schoolyard, while I was playing hopscotch alone, a girl named Becca walked up to me and asked if she could join in. Although we had difficulty understanding one another's speech, we had no problem communicating through gestures and expressions. We soon realized that we had different ways of playing hopscotch. I watched her way and she watched mine; presently we came up with a brand new version of the game. Others soon joined us, and I found myself playing and laughing with kids whom I had thought I had nothing in common with. I have learned so much from Becca, but most of all I learned to not be afraid to build relationships with people who differ from me. Over the years, I have tried to live by this rule, and, as a result, have enjoyed many memorable and enriching relationships which have contributed to my desire to work with others in the practice of medicine. One such relationship is with a woman named Jeanette. Our relationship began when I became Jeanette's reader through the Pittsburgh Vision Center, where I work as a volunteer. Before meeting Jeanette, I had never interacted with a blind person. At our first meeting, she was excited to tell me about the new computer she had just purchased and a movie that she had recently seen, making no reference to her blindness. I soon forgot that she was blind myself. "Did you see that blue jay that just landed on the tree outside?" I blurted. There was a moment of awkwardness, as I tried desperately to come up with a way to explain my thoughtlessness. Jeanette saved me by requesting that I describe the scene to her. As I did so, a smile appeared on her face, and she responded, "I see it now." Later, it occurred to me that just as Jeanette had benefited from my way of perceiving the world, I could benefit form her way of "seeing" as well. For example, I have jogged in the park for years, but until

How I Learned To Ski :: essays research papers

How I Learned To Ski I Love to snow ski, to me it is the epitome of excitement. I first tried to ski when I was only about four years old. My father, who is a tremendous skier, thought he should teach his first son just how to ski. Through practice and time I have made my father a happy teacher. I owe all my skiing knowledge to my father who has spent hour upon hour teaching me the so called "tricks of the trade". However, I have broken more than one bone learning what proves to be a very intense and serious sport and you should not take the excitment for granted. I got started when my dad entered a powder eight contest, that's when you and a partner go down the hill and make the number eight in the snow with your skies, the team with the best looking eight's win. As usually my father won, and that day was when he first taught me how to ski. He showed me how to snow- plow down a hill, that is your first move you learn upon skiing, then he so ever willingly took me to the bunny hill and watched intently as if he remembers when he was that age and how strange and awkward he felt with those clumsy skis and big boots. That day was so hot but yet the snow remained and kept falling from the ski. Then my father showed me the basic techniques he acquired while learning how to ski, you see there is no standard way to ski everyone has to find their own style of skiing or snowboarding . As you can find out this sport is not something you do good at right away, it takes time and practice to become good. When I got older we would go to bigger mountains in Colorado where he lives, we would spend all day skiing down difficult runs called double diamonds, that is the hardest run on the slopes. At first it was hard for me to keep up with my fathers tremendous speed and coordination he could really move down a mountain, for an amateur skier he was a real pro to me, I would try and copy his style for it was one that I learned very well. When I was able to find the style that best suited me I was amazed at how fast I had learned to ski, know when my father and I went down the mountain he was the one who had to keep up with me

The Guyana Defence Force in National Development

TOPIC: THE GUYANA DEFENCE FORCE IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS, SOME PERSPECTIVES. THESIS STATEMENT Positive civil-military relationship is vital for the fulfillment of the role and responsibilities of the military. INTRODUCTION No Organization has all the capabilities, resources and expertise necessary to deal with complex challenges in a comprehensive manner in the twenty first century. These challenges are often trans-border, e. g. isease, crime, financial and humanitarian crises. They often require domestic and international cooperation and engagement of multiple governments and international organizations to facilitate effective planning and operations in order to coordinate the efforts of multiple civil, military and non-governmental agencies. The foremost traditional role of the Guyana Defence Force (GDF) as enshrined in the Constitution has been to defend the territorial integrity of Guyana.Another role of the Guyana Defence Force is to assist the civil powe r in the maintenance of law and order. The final role is to contribute to the economic development of Guyana when required to do so. In this paper the researcher will show some perspectives of the GDF’s civil-military relations with government and non-government organizations through several units. 1. It is the researcher intention to cover the following areas: a. Civil Defence both locally and in the Caribbean. b.Disaster relief and search and rescue operations through partnership with the civil Defence Commission and the GDF on land, sea and in air. c. Engineering Corps and its role in national development through state craft partnership. d. Agriculture Corps role in agriculture development and its partnership with the Ministry of Agriculture. e. â€Å"Hearts and Minds† operations in rural areas and schools by Medical Corps. f. Air Corps and its support in the area of transportation in the interior location. g. G5 Branch youth development and education.RESTRICTED Bef ore one can adequately assess the topic and provide cogent arguments in support of the thesis, it is important that key words/phrases be satisfactorily defined. Civil-military may be defined as the relationship between civil society as a whole and the military organization established to defend it. Development may be defined as â€Å"to lead long and healthy lives, to be knowledgeable, to have access to resources needed for a decent standard of living and to be able to participate in the life of the community†.The role of the GDF in promoting national development refers to those efforts that the Force can undertake to help communities increase not only the quantitative measures of development (earnings capacity) but also the qualitative measures of development-greater life expectancy and reduced illiteracy. ENGINEERING- â€Å"Guyana’s Draft Second Development Plan, 1972-1976 which assigned specific responsibilities, to the Engineer Corps, for the construction of hinte rland roads and bridges, the upgrading of airstrips, housing projects for low income earners and projects such as the rehabilitation of the hydro-electric power station at Tumatumari†.They were also deployed to assist in the construction of a road from Mahdia to Annai in the Hinterland. A Cooperative credit Union and a Housing Cooperative Society were formed to give individual soldiers and officers the opportunity to construct their own homes at state sponsored schemes at Melanie Damishana, Vryheid’s Lust and Crane villages, on an aided self-help basis. † (National Defence, 74). RESTRICTED This was not lost to the Force administration and is exemplified in the Force’s most recent commitment to engineering projects as detailed in the Stabroek News. Five ranks of the Guyana Defence Force (GDF) received keys to new homes at Tuschen Housing Scheme, East Bank Essequibo last week as part of a an ongoing partnership between Habitat for Humanity Guyana; the Ministr y of Housing and the army to assist ranks with affordable housing. † Noteworthy is the commitment of government or non-government organizations to have such partnerships with the Force in this sector, as detailed in he same article, â€Å"Chairman of the Management Board at Habit for Humanity, Alex Graham remarked that the GDF has the capacity to play an integral role in various aspects of the housing response while pointing out that the army can also help in the building of homes for persons outside the GDF family. † HEALTH SERVICES- Life expectancy includes access to affordable medical care and all factors that promote a healthy lifestyle. The Force has a rich history of providing medical services to rural and hinterland villages as part of its medical outreaches.The Force has been impressive in its support to national development in this sector by providing free medical and dental care to thousands of Guyanese. This is not surprising since common to most underdevelop ed countries is the lack of capacity to provide quality medical services as you move away from the cities and main towns. This is the case in Guyana and its exasperated by our demographics, terrain in hinterland areas and the lack of adequate transportation facilities to hinterland and rural areas.The support by the Force in this sector has continued throughout its existence and remains source of kudos as highlighted in the following excerpt from Stabroek News. RESTRICTED â€Å"Close to 200 Upper Berbice River residents benefited from dental and general medical care when a team from the Guyana Defence Force (GDF) Medical Corps hosted an outreach exercise there recently. According to the army, residents said they were grateful for the exercise and expressed the desire for a doctor to visit at least once per year†. Stabroek News Sunday, June 15, 2008.EDUCATION –The use of military personnel to augment the efforts of the Ministry of Education to provide education at any l evel and in any area of the country has not been a feature of the Force for any substantive period. Notwithstanding this, one can argue that the efforts by the Force to educate its ranks directly impacts on national development. Since when members of the Force return to civilian life their level of technical and vocational education will have a direct impact on how they are integrated to the countries labour force.Therefore the Force commitment to educating its ranks underscores its efforts to national development in this sector. However, the efforts of the Force to educate its ranks have had its own challenges. The main challenge was the ability of the Force to establish a system that linked educational development with the evolution of soldier’s careers. â€Å"As part of their promotion standards, soldiers are required to attain specified levels of academic education but these standards had to be waived since no formal means existed for upgrading soldiers’ education . The quality and level of success gained in this sector can be improved with better civil- military relations with government and non-government organization. Similar sentiments in regards to the value of these relations were expressed by the Chief of Staff in his 2011 Command Directive. â€Å"In 2011, I plan to establish statecraft partnerships with the Ministries of Education and Health. Education is inclusive of literacy-the ability to read and write, as well as primary school enrollment. Stabroek News Tuesday, August 17, 2010. Best G. A.R Chief of Staff Command Directive 2011, pg 22. RESTRICTED ECONOMIC- â€Å"The Agriculture Corps was tasked with the development of farms at Onverwagt in Berbice, Butenabu in Mahaicony, Vergenoegen in Essequibo, and at Garden of Eden in Demerara saw the GDF’s economic contribution. This was short lived due to contraction and restructuring of the Force in the late 80’s. However, the structures (organization) still exist for its re implementation. Coast Guard through it protection of our Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) allows for greater yields in sea foods for export.Also Air Corps providing qualified pilots to augment those in the PAOC when required. ADMINISTRATION- Officers are seconded to administrative positions in ministries and other government agencies and even the other services of the Joint Services. To date officers have served in various positions in the government: Lt Col Fabian Liverpool served as Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Home Affairs, Lt Col Jawahar Persaud as Accountant General (ag) Ministry of Finance, Lt Col Brassington Reynolds as Judge Ministry of Legal Affairs, Lt Col Malcom Mc Andrew as Deputy Director of Prisons, Col LindonRoss as Coordinator CARIFESTA 10 at Ministry of Youth, Sports and Culture, Col Francis Abrsham as Deputy Director General at Civil Defence Commission. Just to name a few (there are Major’s Monroe and Craig at CDC, Major Baird at Ministry of Agricultu re, and 5 other officers who were at Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the 90’s. both Officers and other Ranks are trained to re enter society where they make the contribution to the country example; Col Ulrice Pilgrim at BARAMA, Col Ross still at Ministry of Youth, Sports and Culture, Major Generals Joseph Singh and Norman Mc Lean at GT&T and OMAI respectively.In this area it is clearly stated how the GDF contribute to the economic development of this country. AVIATION- Air Corps augment the Private Aircraft Owners Association and can do medical evacuations from Interior Locations, and facilitate the transportation of Good and People to and from interior locations. Air Corps provides local flights at a cheaper cost thereby making it affordable to small businessmen/businesswomen and low income earners to travel to and from the hinterland regions. RESTRICTED This unit makes it possible to access areas particularly where fixed wing aircraft cannot land.It provides positive civil-m ilitary relations by search and rescue operations through partnership with the civil Defence Commission and the GDF on land, sea and in air. The success of the Force involvement in these ventures is commendable, however, the Force was unable to remain committed to such ventures as a single source agency as time progress. This was due to lack of resources; both human and mainly material. Therefore, one can argue that a civil-military relation framework by way of partnership with a government or non-government would have enhanced the Force’s longevity in its commitment to such ventures.Granger D. A A Brief History of the Guyana Defence Force, 2005 pg75. This demonstrates that there is clear recognition by non-government agencies that good civil-military relations are beneficial to both parties. Further the Force will not be required to singlehandedly seek out and forge these partnership. Fostering this perception of the Force, there remain numerous areas in this sector where th e Force, the private sector, and government and non-government organizations can benefit from good relations. No one entity can satisfy the commercial, security and safety requirements for aviation support in Guyana.The wide expanse of hinterland settlements, the limited aircraft and technically trained personnel suggests that there is room for all stake holders to make a positive impact in this sector. The Guyana Defence Force recognizes and accepts it has a role to play in National Development. This is exemplified in the many initiatives and projects the Force has been involved throughout its existence primarily in Engineering, Health Services, Education, Economic, Administrative and Aviation Sectors. The question of how the Force will be most effective in fulfilling its role of contributing to National Development has been answered.RESTRICTED The Force must embrace partnership with government and non-government agencies in those sectors where we are poised to make an impact on Na tional Development. This pursuit and ultimate realization of good civil-military relations will enhance the Force capacity to contribute to national development activities. The Maritime Corps was equipped with trawlers and started fishing on a commercial scale. A good civil-military relationship is imperative if the Force is to attempt to fulfill the last of its tripartite role.This will see the involvement of community groups and the Force working in unison to achieve goals at the national level. Civil-military relations will also allow for the development of both individual and national capacities. Good civil-military relations between the GDF and the country at large will pave the way for both the organization and civil society to learn from each other. Consequentially, the knowledge and on-site training of youths in technical areas could be boosted from the Force’s involvement in community developmental projects.Former President Jagdeo in his address at the Force’s Re-engineering to Enhance National Defence and Security forum said â€Å"The traditional focus of the Guyana Defence Force (GDF) will have to be shifted to ensure the better use of the country’s resources. † (Stabroeknews, 11 February 2010). The then commander in chief correctly stated that â€Å"traditionally the GDF has been structured to maintain peace at the borders and the territorial integrity of the country† and noted â€Å"the country does not anticipate going to war with any of its neighbours and it has not been to war for most of its history. â€Å"But you have this huge pool of talented people in the military and we can’t have them wait on a war with our neighbours. † (Stabroek News, 11 February 2010). While the case for the shifting of the Force’s traditional focus is still being made, and the GDF continues to look for means to show its relevance in today’s society, the GDF has the capacity to play a formidable role in v arious aspects of development in Guyana through proper partnership between governmental and nongovernmental agencies and the GDF. RESTRICTEDThe logistics and human resources needed for the full involvement in national development currently does not exist and as such significantly hamper any attempts by the Force to fulfill this mandate. While the Force does not currently play a grand role in national development, such a role is not alien to the organization. With the right logistics and financial support the GDF can play a role in national development. Conversations with local citizenry and former GDF soldiers would conjure up vignettes of a GDF that was once fully involved in and committed to national development.Literature and newspapers archive validate these vignettes. This excerpt shows the extent of the Guyana Defence Force involvement in national development. Civil-military relations were the backbone of these developmental projects; often a time GDF sought the assistance of villagers to provide adequate human resources needed for the successful completion of assigned projects. President Jagdeo in his address at the Force’s Re-engineering to Enhance National Defence and Security forum said â€Å"The traditional focus of the Guyana Defence Force (GDF) will have to be shifted to ensure the better use of the country’s resources. (Stabroeknews, 11 February 2010). The then commander in chief correctly stated that â€Å"traditionally the GDF has been structured to maintain peace at the borders and the territorial integrity of the country† and noted â€Å"the country does not anticipate going to war with any of its neighbours and it has not been to war for most of its history. † â€Å"But you have this huge pool of talented people in the military and we can’t have them wait on a war with our neighbours. † (Stabroek News, 11 February 2010). RESTRICTEDWhile the case for the shifting of the Force’s traditional foc us is still being made, and the GDF continues to look for means to show its relevance in today’s society, the GDF has the capacity to play a formidable role in various aspects of development in Guyana through proper partnership between governmental and nongovernmental agencies and the GDF. The logistics and human resources needed for the full involvement in national development currently does not exist and as such significantly hamper any attempts by the Force to fulfill this mandate.While the Force does not currently play a grand role in national development, such a role is not alien to the organization. With the right logistics and financial support the GDF can play a role in national development. Medical Corps can conduct medial outreach to hinterland and hard to access areas of Guyana. This unit can carry its sensitization and education programmes to the schools, NGOs and vulnerable groups and communities. Engineer Corps can construct roads, buildings and bridges.Finally, Agriculture Corps can develop commercial farms in all counties of Guyana. In concluding, Positive civil-military relations is vital for the fulfillment of the role and responsibilities of the military. The researcher proposes the formulation of a GDF civil-military policy. Also the establishment of a GDF Civil-Military Protocol; currently, there remains no policy or protocol that speaks to civil-military relations for national development.A civil military policy will comprehensively explain what the GDF intends to achieve through civil- military relations and more importantly, how it intends to achieve its national developmental goals. Creation of a GDF Civil-Military Office is necessary. Having the Force’s civil- military affairs guided under a single office allows for greater management and direction of civil-military affairs. A Force civil-military officer should be identified to lead a civil-military office.Amongst his/her duties should be the preparation of the civil-mi litary portions of operations and administrative plans and orders, advising the G3 on the Force’s requirement for Civil Military cooperation, dealing with liability claims from civilians, providing advice and assistance to other staff branches in the use of civil labour and local medical facilities and provide assistance as applicable with: population movement control , civil Engineer assistance, procurement of material from local sources and civil logistic assistance, cooperation with local and national authorities on matters relating to civil defence.It will be critical that the national development agenda be in sync with that of the GDF in order to allow for easier access to funding and resource allocations for national development projects. A clearly defined support structure is necessary in order to ensure the longevity of GDF’s full participation in national development. Guyana Defence Force is an organization which once played a critical role in the national dev elopment of Guyana, and in doing so, met and executed its mandate of contributing to the economic development of Guyana. Today, the same cannot be said of the Force.However, should attempts be made to refocus the Force’s time and resources towards national evelopment, civil-military relations will definitely be an area in need of grave attention. The establishment of a civil-military policy should be the first thing that must be put in place. Formulating a civil-military policy will be necessary to define the scope and modus operandi of the Force. RESTRICTED REFERENCES Best G. A. R. (2010) Career Development Plan Guyana Defence Force. Guyana Defence Force Best G. A. R (2011) Chief of Staff Command Directive.Guyana Defence Force Granger D. A. (1975) The new road. Guyana Defence Force. (Pg 75) David Granger. National Defence. A brief history of the Guyana Defence Force, 1965-2005. Free Press Georgetown 2005. Free Press. Huntington, S. (1957). The soldier and the state: theory a nd practice of civil-military relations. Cambridge, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Johnson, J. (1981). The role of the military in underdeveloped countries. Top of Form Naison Ngoma, Civil-Military Relations: searching for conceptual framework with an African Bias. Available at http://www. ssafrica. org/pubs/Books/civmilzambiaaug04/Ngoma. pdf. Accessed Oct. 25 2012. RESTRICTED Stabroeknews. WPA concerned over move to set up intelligence agency. Available at http://www. stabroeknews. com/2010/archives/02/11/wpa-concerned-over-move-to-set-up-intelligence-agency/. Accessed Oct. 30 2012. United Nations Development Programme. What We Do. Availabel at http://www. undp. org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/overview. html. Accessed Nov. 25 2012. Stabroek News Sunday, June 15, 2008. Stabroek News Tuesday, August 17, 2010. 2 p. Chief of Staff of the RE RES

Middle Class Women in 19th Century American Society Essay

Women were always faced specifically in history by men until they became equal to them. In the story â€Å"The yellow wallpaper† the author Charlotte Perkins Gilman says some things about the way women were treated by men back then in the 19th century. Women’s roles and place in the 19th century American society are very humiliating, rational for this society and weird. Women back then were treated as â€Å"something† not as â€Å"someone† that is to say useless beings, that do not have brains. The yellow wallpaper symbolizes something that impacts her instantly. Through the yellow wallpaper we can see that the woman is soiled and ripped just like the dirty yellow wallpaper â€Å"It is the strangest yellow, that wall-paper! It makes me think of all the yellow things I ever saw – not beautiful ones like buttercups, but old foul, bad yellow things† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 6, page 11). Moreover Gilman uses the woman who is affected by the yellow wallpaper to show that women in that time were trapped an inner world, which was the main reason for their insanity â€Å"I didn’t realize for a long time what the thing was that showed behind, that dim sub-pattern, but I now I am quite sure it is a woman.† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 6, page 10). The yellow wallpaper also shows that were oppressed by their husband so much that in order to escape from this reality, they devised situations and things that later would make them worse â€Å"At nigh t in any kind of light, in twilight, candle light, lamplight, and worst of all by moonlight, it becomes bars! The outside pattern I mean, and the woman behind it is as plain as can be† (ibid). There are three themes in the story â€Å"The yellow wallpaper†. The first theme is the subordination of women in marriage. From this theme the author is trying to show to the reader the way women were treated back then. Women were treated and seen from men as brainless children that needed supervision and special care â€Å"He is very careful and loving, and hardly lets me stir without special direction. I have a schedule prescription for each hour in the day† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 2). Moreover Gilman uses the conventional marriage in the 19th century to ensure that women remained second-class citizens. â€Å"John laughs at me, of course, but one expects that in marriage† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 1). Furthermore men kept women in a childish state of ignorance and didn’t let them fully develop â€Å"I have a schedule prescription for each hour in the day†(Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 2) and â€Å"There comes John, and I must put this away, — he hates to have me write a word† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 3). Finally men assumed that because of their superior wisdom and maturity, which led to misjudgment, patronization and domination of their women, they were the right people that could help their ‘sick’ wives â€Å"John does not know how much I really suffer. He knows there is no reason to suffer, and that satisfies him† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 2, page 3) and â€Å" But John says if I feel so, I shall neglect proper self-control; so I take pains to control myself – before him, at least, and that makes me very tired† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 2). The second theme that the author Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses to show the position of women in 19th century American society is the importance of self-expression. The mental restrictions upon the women are the reason for driving them insane â€Å"There comes John, and I must put this away, — he hates to have me write a word â€Å" (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 3) and â€Å"So I take phosphates or phospites – whichever it is, and tonics, and journeys, and air, and exercise, and am absolutely forbidden to â€Å"work† until I am well again† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 1). Middle class women most of the times are forced to hide their fears and anxieties and try to maintain the faà §ade of a successful marriage in order to feel that they are winning the fight against depression â€Å"He is very careful and loving, and hardly lets me stir without special direction† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 2) and â€Å"No wonder t he children hated it! I should hate it myself if I had to live in this room long. There comes John, and I must put this away, — he hates to have me write a word† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 3). What is more is that men are forcing women to become totally passive by forbidding them to exercise their mind â€Å"So I take phosphates or phospites – whichever it is, and tonics, and journeys, and air, and exercise, and am absolutely forbidden to â€Å"work† until I am well again† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 1). As a Gilman says â€Å"a mind that is kept in a state of forced inactivity is doomed to self-destruction†. The third theme that the author Charlotte Perkins Gilman uses in order to show the role of women in the 19th century American society is the evils of the â€Å"resting cure†. Gilman wanted to illustrate through the story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† the way a mind, which is already poisoned with anxiety and fear can deteriorate when it is forced into inactivity and it is kept from healthy work. Mitchell took seriously Gilman’s criticism and stopped the â€Å"resting cure†. Gilman criticizes any form of medical treatment that is done to the patient by ignoring his concerns, considering also herself as a passive object of treatment â€Å"So I take phosphates or phospites – whichever it is, and tonics, and journeys, and air, and exercise, and am absolutely forbidden to â€Å"work† until I am well again† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 1, page 1) and â€Å"John says I mustn’t lose my strength, and has me take cod liver oil and lots of tonics and things, to say nothing of ale and wine and rare meat† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 3, page 7). Women in the 19th century American society often remain silent when the man talks â€Å"Better in body perhaps – â€Å"I began, and stopped short, for he sat up straight and looked at me with such a stern, reproachful look that I could not say another word† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 3, page 9). Finally men mostly infantilize women, because they think women are children and brainless â€Å"Then he took me in his arms and called me a blessed little goose† (Charlotte Perkins Gilman, part 2, page 3). All in all women are seen by men as children that don’t have a brain and need help and supervision from a smart person (man). Women’s role in 19th century American society is not the same with men, who are the ones that control and hear to whatever men say. Men used their smartness in order to help â€Å"sick† women overcome their sickness, but this led to the misjudgment, patronization and domination of women. Finally women weren’t let to write nor read anything that looked like a book, in order to not smart and educated and get away from the control of men.

Health Care Financial Terms Worksheet Essay

Understanding health care financial terms is a prerequisite for both academic and professional success. This assignment is intended to ensure you understand some of the basic terms used in this course. Complete the worksheet below according to the following guidelines: In the space provided, write each term’s definition as used in health care management. You must define the term in your own words. In the space provided after each term’s definition, summarize a health care management scenario that illustrates the importance of the skill, concept, procedure, or tool to which the term refers. In the scenario, you may wish to consider the following: Why is the skill, concept, procedure, or tool necessary for accurate record keeping, operational efficiency, excellent patient services, employee management, regulatory compliance, reducing costs, forecasting, and so forth? What successes are enabled by an adequate understanding or appropriate application of the skill, concept, procedure, or tool? What risks or failures are associated with an inadequate understanding or inappropriate application of the skill, concept, procedure, or tool? Save the completed worksheet as a Microsoft Word document with your name in the file name. Submit the file to your instructor. Worksheet Submitted By: Term Definition Scenario Capital expenditure budget A budget that can cover one year or multiple years and has a more futuristic view. If the economy is expected to go into a recession that may last several years a company may need a capital expenditure budget. One that may show a plan for the financial survival over the next few years. Things like plans to spend less on expensive or unnecessary supplies or switch to more generic brands are good examples of what could be taken into consideration when making a capital expenditure budget. Direct cost Cost that is directly related to the production of goods or services. Costs related to Materials used for production or labor costs are examples of direct costs because they are directly related to producing goods or services. Flexible budget Budget that is made by using budgeted revenue and cost amounts and can be adjusted according to expected outputs. If a business has had busy Summers in the past and may have another busy Summer they may want to plan for a higher workload and more staff. This requires them to have a flexible budget so they can adjust the budget according to the rising activity level or volume of business. Operating budget Budget that deals with short term revenues and expenses that are needed to keep an organization operating. When a business needs supplies to be able to provide services and needs to pay staff to provide services as well the money that is being spent on the wages of the staff and the supplies is part of the operating budget because those things are needed to operate the business. Responsibility center Center that is responsible for managing costs or costs and revenues. Cost centers are responsibility centers that are responsible for costs and profit centers are responsibility centers that are responsible for managing revenues and costs. Being responsible makes them â€Å"Responsibility† centers.

Local and Global Effects of Deforestation Essay

Trees are one of the most important aspects of the plant we live in. Trees are vitally important to the environment, animals and mostly us humans. So deforesting them will cause local and global effects on the environment and therefore harming us as well. They are also important for the climate as they act as filters of carbon dioxide. Forests are known as habitats and shelters of millions of species. However, the trees on our planet are being depleted at very high rates. The deforestation that has taken place due to human activity is as big as 50% of the whole planet. The main causes of deforestation is Ranching, Plantations, Logging, Mining, Road Building, Shifting Cultivations and for other commercial purposes. The destruction of the forests is occurring due to various reasons, one of the main reasons being the short-term economic benefits. Urban Construction is the main reason why large area of land is cleared. This involves cutting down of trees for lumber that is used or buildi ng materials, furniture and paper products which have a major impact on forest life. Forests are cleared to accommodate expanding urban areas. Road building is also included in these developments and one successful link is the Trans-Amazonian highway. This results in loss of forest area and massive deforestation. There are also local causes such as the Agricultural reasons. Forests are also cut down to clear land for growing crops, build farms, ranches and other food growing lands. The process of plantation is one of the causes which increased deforestation rates. It clears a patch of land to grow crops by slash and burn. The patch is then deserted until the soil regains its fertility. While plantation clears land by burning it, Shifting Cultivation still is as bad as Plantations as a large agricultural area is usually used for growing one crop such as bananas, coffee, cocoa and rubber. This process is usually carried out by international and therefore deforestation again is for short-term economic benefits. A main harvest in Brazil is Soybeans. This type of growing brings huge amount of profit towards the government. Even though most of the deforestation is caused for economic reasons there are some local/personal reasons such as Ranching. Large-scale cattle rearing-: because of this farms are huge to ensure there is enough grass to feed cattle. This gives land for cows to graze on. This is a main business as main retailers like McDonalds buy huge amounts of beef from places like the rainforest as they get it for cheap prices. Commercial Purpose for many large companies is another causation of deforestation. Companies clear forest for oil and mining exploitation to make highways and roads. Natural reasons are a big problem as well due to acid rain and wildfires which spread swiftly across large areas of forest land. Forest fires can occur naturally or in most cases are deliberate attempts by man to clear huge deforestation. Most of the time, these forest may recover, but usually the cleared land is used for construction and agricultural purposes. This leads to loss of forest and loss of habitat for the local wildlife. Mining – removal of minerals from the ground e.g. copper, gold and iron ore form large mines require clearing of large forest land. Mining is a legal process but there is illegal logging to use timber for commercial reasons e.g. mahogany has a big market for furniture in MEDCs. In Brazil 80-90% of logging is illegal. The WWF, the worldwide fund (non-government organisation) said that 28% of the EU’s timber imports could be illegal. Therefore there are economic are local reason which causes deforestation.

Care Giver Perceptions of End of Life Care for COPD Patient

Care Giver Perceptions of End of Life Care for COPD Patient RESEARCH PROPOSAL Title: Exploring the primary family care givers perceptions of care giving for end of life care of COPD ICU patient. Introduction: The world perspective is shifting towards non-communicable diseases, with chronic conditions such as heart disease, stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as chief causes of death globally. COPD is a chronic progressive disease of air flow obstruction which includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. COPD is predicted as 3 rd leading cause of death in 2030 according to 2008 WHO statistics. In terms of social burden of disease quantified by disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost, COPD ranked as the 12th leading cause of DALYs lost worldwide in 1990, but will be the 7th leading cause of DALY lost worldwide in 2030.COPD is more common among world age people due to decreased lung function capacity. The world population above 60 years was1.7% in 2013 and will continue to grow as a reaching 21.1 per cent by 2050 (world a geing population 2013). COPD is one of the major 8th leading causes of death in Singapore. According to MOH 2013 census COPD causes 1.6% of deaths per 18938 populations.COPD is a treatable disease but not a curable one. So ultimately it increases the economic burden of the country by its chronicity, rate of hospital readmission and affects the quality of life Lynn, 2000; Simonds, 2004).The palliative care needs of patients with end-stage respiratory diseases are increasingly being recognized (Curtis, 2008; Lanken et al., 2008) . The COPD patient experience significant impairment of quality of life and physical and psychological needs when compare to individual with lung cancer (Core et al., 2000; Edmonds et al., 2001; Skilbeck et al., 1998; Tranmer et al, 2003). Why family members? When there is progression of diseases it imposes negative impacts on psychological health of Care givers (Daniela Figueiredo, 2014). Careers are more likely to suffer from anxiety and depressive symptoms providing continuous care during the advance stage of the disease and end of life care (Abebaw Mengistus Yohannes 2007). Preparation for death should include a realistic appraisal of the prospects for dying peacefully at home. (Hansen –Flaschen J .2004) Most of the patients are willing to be housebound at the end stage of life so its responsibility of family cares to provide continuous care and support them White P (2011) stated 45% were housebound, 75% had a career in end stage of COPD . despite no studies have been conducted qualitatively on family care givers perception on End of life care on COPD in Asian countries .

An Analytical Response to Billions Over Baghdad Essay

An Analytical Response to Billions Over Baghdad - Essay Example Everyone has waited for the smoke to clear, and viola, the rats–the Coalition Provisional Authority (C.P.A.) that is–have to do some explaining, and if possible some serious accounting. The tone varies from being argumentative and provoking. It has also galvanized someone else’s belief that indeed there is corruption and that the US government â€Å"cares only about ensuring that an accounting does not occur.† The level of discourse is already appropriate to young adults. The only problem it posed is the nature of the issue. Although â€Å"Billions over Baghdad† is good to be read, the issue does not appeal well to the majority of the adolescents except to those interested in listening intrigues. The issue never went to center stage except for some congressional hearings and immediately after the series of hearings it all gone like nothing happened. Another setback is the quantity and quality of details. The authors, however, can’t be faulted in the lack of details because a controversy like this is so secretive that people inside refused to talk. Now the hanging inquiries left by the authors dwell on the certainty of accounting the lost $9 billion out of the $12 billion shipped from Federal Reserve to Baghdad and how it vanished so quickly. It also made ourselves ask why the people in Department of Defense and C.P.A. are so unwilling to talk about the unaccounted $9 Billion. The claim of the author is that the people behind the C.P.A. and even the Department of Defense had allowed all the circumstances for the cesspool to propagate. Consequently, the Department of Defense hasn’t shown any determination to resolve the scandal. The secretary of Defense is reluctant to clear the matter and C.P.A. administrator L. Paul Bremer III has also decided to let go of the contractors who profited. All the Department of Defense has done is to shrug it off. The author is correct in pointing out that the situation is indeed odd . With the way how the administration handled the scandal and its jaded effort to put the responsible behind bars, the C.P.A. mess might not be proven under court proceedings. Another claim rightfully pointed out by the author is the existence of widespread corruption. They pointed out that opportunity of corruption exists everywhere from earning kickbacks, having ghost employees and bloating the charge even for daily meals. They also pointed out the widespread mismanagement and the failure to exercise command responsibility. It was very distressing when an army officer representing C.P.A. â€Å"had crossed out the original price and doubled it† after the hospital administrator signed the contract. Another was what Frank Willis has encountered during his stint as a senior adviser to the Iraqi transportation ministry. â€Å"The neat bundles of cash looked almost like play money and the temptation to handle them was irresistible,† Willis said when he returned to his offi ce to find â€Å"piles and piles of shrink-wrapped $100 bills stacked on a table† (vanityfair.com). Good enough that the Billions over Baghdad has included the NorthStar and the Custer Battles in the frame to magnify more the claim that there are corruption and mismanagement. It was a diligent effort by Steele to uncover the shrouded NorthStar; and his effort have made it clear to everyone that the C.P.A. was never sincere in the way it discharged its duties and