Civil Engineering Structural Concentration Essay

Civil Engineering Structural Concentration - Essay Example Basically, the properties and characteristics of a polymer depend upon its structure. The strength of the plastics can be determined from a measurement known as the Young’s modulus. Young’s modulus is the ratio of stress over strain, i.e. elasticity and is measured in units of Pascal (Pa). Unfilled plastics usually have a Young’s modulus of less than 3.5 GPa at room temperature (â€Å"Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics†, 53). Their strength is also temperature sensitive and can be affected by environmental factors as well. The strength can be improved by using fillers and fibers as reinforcements in order to enhance the mechanical properties of the plastic. The tensile strength of most plastics is less than 35 MPa. A lesser tensile stress means a lesser rigidity (MatWeb, n.pag.) but this can be increased by using resin of higher Young’s modulus so as to provide with better reinforcements. The designing of the plastic also has a signif icant role in improving the strength of the plastic (â€Å"Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics†, 53). Lower quality or recycled plastics have a lower tensile strength and can break at a very low magnitude of stress. This is because after recycling the plastics are â€Å"down cycled† causing them to become less rigid and more amorphous thereby causing them to break at a lower stress level. The load on the above hanger is caused by hanging clothes. In this case the force or load is caused by the weight of the clothes which depends upon the thickness of the fabric. On average clothes weigh about 2 to 5 pounds (lbs) with the weight being centered at the middle point of the hanger. Continuous weight on one point of the hanger results in breakage. The fracture shown in Figure 1 illustrates that breakage has occurred midway along the length of the hanger leaving 18.5 cm on both sides. The hanger being

Q1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Q1 - Essay Example The management system of the hospitals needs change to work efficiently. Lean can be defined as a toolset, management system or a philosophy that keeps the capability of transforming the method of organizing and managing the hospitals. The hospital system involving patients, employees and physicians can be improved in terms of management and health care by adopting the lean methodology. Overall, lean can be defined as a management system that is supportive for hospital management and health care profession reducing errors and maximizing efficiency. Value added activities in lean can be defined as those activities due to which, products or process get better, however, non-value added activities are those who have no participation to the products or process and can be removed as waste. For example, generating a printed slip of emails of the orders is a waste and should be eliminated while generation of a printed slip for required items is value added activity. A value stream can be defined as a sequential set of activities that are needed to generate a particular product or service. It is related to sub-optimization as sub-optimization occurs when the outputs are less than expected because of some lacking work from some business entity. Sub-optimization puts a negative impact on value stream as the outputs of products and services are flawed. The three forms of process from a lean perspective are about waste and they are muri, mura and muda. Muri is wasteful design, mura is wasteful implementation while muda is wasteful action. These forms are important as lean works towards elimination of wastes to make the activities value